中考英语常考易混淆的知识点(一)
he was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (×)
Because he was ill yesterday, he didn’t go to work. (√)
He was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (√)
[析] 用though, but表示“虽然……，但是…… ”或用because, so 表示“因为……，所以……”时，though和but 及because和so 都只能择一而用，不能两者同时使用。
The Smiths have moved Beijing. (×)
The Smiths have moved to Beijing. (√)
[析] 不及物动词后接名词或代词作宾语时，要在动词之后加上适当的介词;但不及物动词后接home, here, there等副词作宾语时，动词之后不必加任何介词。
The box is too heavy for him to carry it. (×)
The box is too heavy for him to carry. (√)
[析] the box既是这句话的主语, 也是不定式to carry的逻辑宾语，若句末再加上it，就和the box重复了。
each of the boys have a pen. (×)
each of the boys has a pen. (√)
[析] 复数名词前有表个体的each of, one of, every，either of等词组修饰，或有表否定的neither of, none of 等词组修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
例:那是你心软!我不就是一个例子吗?
neither he nor you is good at english. (×)
neither he nor you are good at english. (√)
[析] either... or..., neither... nor..., not only..., but also... 等词组连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致原则”, 即由靠近谓语的那个主语决定谓语的人称和数用何种形式。
Ten minus three are seven. (×)
Ten minus three is seven. (√)
[析] 用英语表示加(plus)、减(minus)等数学运算时，谓语动词也用单数形式。
The number of the workers in this factory are about 5,000. (×)
The number of the workers in this factory is about 5,000. (√)
[析] the number of表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数形式;a number of 的意思是“若干”或“许多”，相当于some或a lot of，和复数名词连用，谓语动词用复数形式。
例. Hello! i have important something to tell you. (×)
Hello! i have something important to tell you. (√)
[析] 形容词或动词不定式修饰不定代词作定语时，修饰成分要置于不定代词之后。
His son is enough old to go to school. (×)
His son is old enough to go to school. (√)
[析] enough作形容词修饰名词时，可以放在名词前，也可放在名词后;作副词修饰形容词或副词时，只能放在形容词或副词之后。
Here is your sweater, put away it.(×)
Here is your sweater, put it away. (√)
[析] put away, pick up, put on等“动词+副词”构成的词组后接代词作宾语时，代词只能放在动词和副词之间。
look! Here the bus comes.(×)
look! Here comes the bus.(√)
[析] 在以here, there引起的陈述句中，若句子的主语是名词，要用倒装语序，即用“Here /There+动词+名词”结构;但主语若是代词时，则不用倒装语序, 即用“Here/There +代词+动词”结构。
i do well in playing football, _______. (我妹妹也行。)A. so my sister does(×)B. so does my sister(√)
li lei is really a football fan. --- _______. (确实这样.) A. So is he(×) B. So he is(√)
[析] “so+be动词/助动词+主语”的倒装结构表示前面所述情况也适用于后者，意为“……也是这样”;“so+主语+be动词/助动词”的陈述结构表示对前述情况的肯定，意为“……确实如此”。
重庆比中国的其他城市都大。
chongqing is larger than any city in china. (×)chongqing is larger than any other city in china. (√)
[析] “any city in china”包括了重庆这座城市, 同一事物自己与自己不能做比较，只有在city 前加上other才能表示重庆和中国的其它城市比较大小。
The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than Beijing. (×)
The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than that in Beijing . (√)
[析] 表示比较时，句子中的两个比较对象必须一致，不同的比较对象不能做比较。错误句的比较对象分别为the weather in Guangzhou和Beijing，这两个不同类的事物之间不能做比较。
14, His sister married with a teacher last summer.(×)His sister married a teacher last summer. (√)
[析] 表达“A和B结婚”，要用A married/will marry B。这时务必要避免受汉语影响使用A married/will marry with B。
例There is going to have a film tonight. (×) There is going to be a film tonight. (√)
[析] 一般将来时用在 There be 句式中时，be going to或will之后的动词原形只能用be,也就是说要用There is (are) going to be.... / There will be....。
例i’ll go hiking if it won’t rain next Sunday. (×)i’ll go hiking if it doesn’t rain next Sunday.(√)
[析] 习惯上在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句的谓语动词用了一般将来时，从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。
例 Teacher told us yesterday that the earth went around the sun. (×)
Teacher told us yesterday that the earth goes around the sun. (√)
[析] 习惯上在含有宾语从句的复合句中，主句的谓语动词用了一般过去时，从句的谓语动词要用过去的某种时态。但如果从句表述的是一客观事实或客观真理时，则不受主句时态的影响，而用一般现在时。
All the balls are not round. 翻译成汉语：
所有的球都不是圆的。(×)并不是所有的球都是圆的。(√)
[析] all, every, both等词和not连用时，not通常放在all, every, both的后面，一般情况下表示部分否定，意为“并非……都……”。
例--- He didn’t go to school yesterday, did he?-- _______, though he didn’t feel very well.
A. no, he didn’t (×) B. Yes, he did (√)
例--- Don’t you usually come to school by bike?-- _______. But i sometimes walk.
A. no, i don’t (×) B. Yes, i do (√)
[析] 习惯上英语中的yes意为“是的”，no意为“不”，但在“前否后肯”的反意疑问句或否定疑问句中，yes意为“不”，no意为“是的”。
---- excuse me, is the supermarket far from here?---- no，it's about _______.
A. 7 minutes walk B. 7 minute walk c. 7 minutes' walk D. 7 minute's walk
答案为c。本题考查名词所有格用法。当名词的复数以-s结尾时，则只需要加“'”即可，则“7分钟的距离”为“7 minutes' walk”。
You can not imagine how much i ______ on this dress. is it beautiful?
A. paid B. took c. cost D. spent
[剖析] 答案为D。本题考察四个表“花费”的动词辨析。主语为人，且和介词on搭配的动词是spend。
---- Do you know _____ university student who is talking with Joe?---- Yes， she，s my cousin, Kate.
A. a B. an c. the D. /
[剖析] 答案为c。university虽然以元音字母u开头，但其前若使用不定冠词时，则要用a.不过此题中不能使用不定冠词，而是特指和Joe说话的那个大学生，故要选the。
The number of giant pandas is getting ______ because their living areas are becoming farmlands.
A. less and less B. larger and larger c. smaller and smaller D. fewer and
fewer
[剖析] 答案为c。句意为“大熊猫的数量越来越少因为他们的生存空间正逐渐变成农场”。本题中四个选项都是“比较级+ and + 比较级”的结构，表示“越来越……”。主语为number，只能和large或small搭配。而结合句意可判断答案为c。
Be careful when you come _______ the street，because the traffic is very busy
at the moment.A. across B. behind c. between D. over
[剖析] 答案为A。本题考察方位介词的用法。“过马路”一般为表面横穿，因此要用across。
---- Do you often clean your classroom?---- Yes, our classroom ______ every day.
A. clean B. cleans c. is cleaned D. cleaned
[剖析] 答案为c。句中有every day，主语为our classroom，故要用一般现在时的被动语态。
lucy usually cleans the cage every two days. (对画线部分提问)_ _______ lucy usually clean the cage?
[剖析] 答案为How often does。对every two days提问要用how often。
i didn't understand __________，so i raised my hand to ask...
A. what my teacher says B. what does my teacher say c. what my teacher said D. what did my teacher say
[剖析] 答案为c。本题为宾语从句，由于需要用陈述语序可排除B、D;另外，主句时态为一般过去时，则从句也要用对应的过去时态，故还可排除A。
---- How much ______ the shoes? ---- Five dollars ______ enough.
A. is;is B. are;is c. are;are D. is;are
[剖析] 答案为B。shoes作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式;five dollars是一个整体，应按单数对待。
误〕 we got to the top of the mountain in daybreak. 〔正〕 we got to the top of the mountain at day break.
〔析〕 at用于具体时刻之前，如：sunrise, midday, noon, sunset, midnight, night。
〔误〕 Dont sleep at daytime 〔正〕 Dont sleep in daytime.
〔析〕 in 要用于较长的一段时间之内，如：in the morning / afternoon, 或 in the week / month / year. 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter等等。
〔误〕 He became a writter at his twenties 〔正〕 He became a writter in his twenties
〔析〕这句话应译为：他在20多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词in来表示，而在具体岁数时用at来表示。
误〕 we went to swim in the river in a very hot day. 〔正〕 we went to swim in the river on a very hot day.
〔析〕 具体某一天要用介词on, 又如：on new Years Day
〔误〕 im looking forward to seeing you on christmas. 〔正〕 im looking for ward to seeing you at christmas.
〔析〕在节日的当天用on，而全部节日期间用at,christmas是圣诞节期间，一般要有两周或更长的时间。
误 i havent see you during the summer holidays. 正 i havent seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays. 〔析〕 during表示在某一段时间之内，所以一般不与完成时搭配，如：i visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而for表示一段时间，可以用于完成时，如：i havent see you for a long time. 而through 用来表示时间时则为"整整，全部的时间"。如：it rained through the night.而since则是表达主句动作的起始时间，一般要与完成时连用。
〔误〕 At entering the classroom, i heard the good news. 〔正〕 on entering the classroom, i heard the good news. 〔析〕 on 加动名词表示"一……就"。本句的译文应是：我一进入教室就听见这个好消息了。又如：on hearing… 一听见， on arrival 一到达就……(on表示动作的名词)
〔误〕 in the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories. 〔正〕 At the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories. 〔析〕 at the begining与at the end都是指某事物的开始与结束部分，均不指时间范围，而in the beginning 则是指开始一段时间。in the end=at last是指"最终，终于"之意。
〔误〕 Till the end of next week. i will have finished this work. 〔正〕 By the end of next week. i will have finished this work. 〔析〕 by 引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点，其意思为"不迟于某一时刻将工作做完"，所以主句一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态，如：ill be there by five oclock.而till则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻，但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词，而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式，如：i wont finish this work till(until) next weekend.
〔误〕 He came to london before last weekend. 〔正〕 He had come to london before last weekend.
〔正〕 He came to london two weeks ago. 〔析〕 before 一般要与完成时连用，而ago则与一般过去时连用。
〔误〕i have studied english for three years gince i had come here.正 i have studied english for three years since i came here. 析 since用来表达主句动作的开始时间，所以其引出的从句中应为过去时，而不能用完成时态
〔误〕 i can help you repair this bike. You will get it after two hours. 〔正〕 i can help you repair this bike. You will get it in two hours. 〔析〕中文经常讲两小时之后来取，两天内会修好，而这个介词在英文中要用in而不要用after。其原因有二，①after 多用于过去时，如：i arrived in new York. After three days, i found a job in the bank. ② after 加时间是表达一个不确定的时间范围，如：after three days, 即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在许诺若干时间内会完成某事时，一定要用介词in。
〔误〕 Three days after he died. 正〕 After three days he died. 〔正〕 Three days later he died.
〔析〕 after 与 later都可以用来表达一段时间之后，但它们所处的位置不同，after 在时间词前，而later在时间词后。
〔误〕 She hid herself after the tree. 〔正〕 She hid herself behind the tree.
〔析〕 after多用来表达某动作之后，所以有的语法书中称它为动态介词，如：i run after him. After finishing my homework, i went to see a film. 而behind则多用于静态事物之后。
〔误〕 There is a beautiful bird on the tree. 正〕 There is a beautiful bird in the tree.
〔析〕 树上长出的果实，树叶要用on, 而其他外来的人、物体均要用in the tree.
〔误〕 Shanghai is on the east of china. 〔正〕 Shanghai is in the east of china.
〔析〕 在表达地理位置时有3个介词：in, on, to。 in表示在某范围之内; on表示与某地区接壤;to则表示不相接。如：Japan is to the east of china.
〔误〕 i arrived at new York on July 2nd. 〔正〕 i arrived in new York on July 2nd.
〔析〕 at用来表达较小的地方，而in用来表达较大的地方。at常用于at the school gate, at home, at a bus stop, at the station, at the cinema, at a small village。
〔误〕 He lived in no. 3 Beijing Road. 〔正〕 He lived at no. 3 Beijing Road.
〔析〕 在门牌号码前要用at, 并要注意它的惯用法：at the end of the street, at the foot of the mountain, at the top of the page。
〔误〕 There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall. 〔正〕 There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall.
〔析〕 在屋内的角落应用in，而墙的外角用at，如：There is a tree at the corner of the street.
〔误〕 Do you know there is some good news on todays newspaper? 〔正〕 Do you know there is some good news in todays newspaper? 〔析〕 在报纸上的新闻要用in, 而在具体某一版上，或某一页上则要用on。
〔误〕 The school will begin on September 1st. 〔正〕 School will begin on September 1st.
〔析〕这里的school应看作不可数名词泛指学校的课程，即开学之意。要注意，有些活动场所当表达正在从事该种活动时不要加冠词，如：at table (吃饭)， when i came to Toms home, they were at table. 还有： at desk (学习)，at work (工作) at school (上学)， in hospital (住医院) at church 作礼拜如加上定冠词则另有他意，如：at the school 即在学校工作或办事，in the hospital 即在医院工作或去看望病人。
〔误〕 ill leave Beijing to Shanghai tomorrow. 〔正〕 ill leave Beijing for Shanghai. 〔正〕 ill leave for Shanghai.
〔析〕 leave for 是离开某地去某处的固定搭配，不可将for改为别的介词。这样的搭配还有：start for 动身前往某处，set out for， sail for。