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助动词高中英语语法合集,英语助动词知识点归纳总结

2023-09-10 15:34:18高考知识点164

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助动词是帮助主要动词构成各种时态,语态,语气以及否定或疑问结构的动词.助动词分为时态助动词和结构助动词两种.下面小编给大家分享一些高中英语助动词的知识,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!

高中英语助动词的知识1

1. 助动词be的用法

1)be +现在分词,构成进行时态。

例如:

They are having a meeting.他们正在开会。

English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。

2)be + 过去分词,构成被动语态。例如:

The window was broken by Tom..窗户是汤姆打碎的。

English is taught throughout the world.世界各地都教英语。

3)be + 动词不定式,可表示下列内容:

a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排。例如:

He is to go to New York next week..他下周要去纽约。

We are to teach the freshmen.我们要教新生。

说明: 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。

b. 表示命令。例如:

You are to explain this.对此你要做出解释。

He is to come to the office this afternoon.要他今天下午来办公室。

c.征求意见。例如:

How am I to answer him?我该怎样答复他?

Who is to go there?谁该去那儿呢?

d. 表示相约、商定。例如:

We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrowmorning.我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。

2. 助动词have的用法

1)have +过去分词,构成完成时态。例如:

He has left for London.他已去了伦敦。

By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work.上月未为止,他们已经完成工作的一半。

2)have + been +现在分词,构成完成进行时。例如:

I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在学英语,已达十年之久。

3)have +been +过去分词,构成完成式被动语态。例如:

English has been taught in China for many years. 中国教英语已经多年。

3.助动词do 的用法

1)构成一般疑问句。例如:

Do you want to pass the CET?你想通过大学英语测试吗?

Did you study German?你们学过德语吗?

2)do + not 构成否定句。例如:

I do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批评。

He doesn't like to study.他不想学习。

In the past, many students did not know the importance of English.

过去,好多学生不知道英语的重要性。

3)构成否定祈使句。例如:

Don't go there.不要去那里。

Don't be so absent-minded.不要这么心不在焉。

说明: 构成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does。

高中英语助动词的知识2

助动词的形式与作用

1) 英语常用的助动词(auxiliaryverb)有shall,will,should,would,be,have,do等。助动词一般无词义,不能单独作谓语动词。助动词在句中的作用,在于帮助构成各种时态、语态、语气、否定和疑问结构等。如:

China has entered a great new era. 中国已进入了一个伟大的新时期。(帮助构成完成时态)

Some boys are playing on the grass. 一些男孩正在草地上玩。 (帮助构成进行时态)

Mother is written by Gorky. 《母亲》是高尔基写的。 (帮助构成被动语态)

We shall have the football match if it does not rain.如果不下雨,我们就赛足球。(帮助构成将来时态和否定结构)

Do you see my point? 你明白我的意思吗?(帮助构成疑问结构)

[注] 在否定结构中,not须放在助动词后面。

2) 助动词加not一般都有简略式,用于口语中。如:

is not---isn't

are not---aren't

was not --- wasn't

were not-- weren't

will not--won't

would not---wouldn't

do not--don't

does not--doesn't

did not--didn't

have not---haven't

has not--hasn't

had not--hadn't

shall not--shan't

should not--shouldn't

高中英语助动词的知识3

be助动词

be作为助动词的用法有下列几种:

1) be后跟动词的现在分词,可以构成各种进行时态。如:

The driver is cleaning the car. 司机在擦车。

Yesterday afternoon we were discussing a new plan. 昨天下午我们在讨论一个新的计划。

Women in our country are playing an important part in socialistconstruction. 我国妇女在社会主义建设中正起着重要的作用。

2) be后跟动词的过去分词,可以构成被动语态。如:

A lot of consumer goods are made of nylon. 许多消费品都是尼龙作的。

The Flower Show is usually held here in October. 花展通常于10月在此举行。

The cinema will be closed for repair from March 3rd. 影院自三月三日起修理内部停止营业。

3) be加动词不定式有下列各种用法:

a) 表示未来的安排或计划。如:

The delegation is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 代表团定于明天去上海。

I'm to be home before midnight. 我午夜前一定回来。

b) 表示必要或命令或问对方的意志。如:

You're to hand in your exercises tomorrow. 你们明天要交练习。

Where am I to put these tools? 这些工具应该放在什么地方?

What is to be done? 怎么办?

c) 表示"可能",与can或may相仿。如:

I am not sure whether he is to turn up tonight. 我不能断定他今晚是否能来。

My key is nowhere to be found. 我哪儿也找不着我的钥匙。

d) be + about + 动词不定式则表示即将、马上做某事,如:

The meeting is about to begin. 会议即将开始。

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