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英语中修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子是状语，状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。
英语状语作用
状语的作用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状语等。
状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。
副词是一种用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或全句的词，说明时间，地点，程度，方式等概念。
1.副词一般在句子中做状语
He speaks English very well. 他英语说得非常好。
其中的“very”是程度副词，用来修饰“well”。“very well”是修饰“speak”的程度状语。
2. 不定式在句子中可以作目的状语
I come specially to see you. 我专门来看你。
3.介词短语
Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian.
从十年以前开始，她开始住在了大连。
The boy was praised for his bravery.
这个男孩因为他的勇敢而被夸奖。
4.从句作状语
When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.
她12岁的那一年开始居住于大连。
If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.
如果我明天不忙，我就会陪你踢足球。
5.动词ing形式作状语
①表示时间
Seeing its mother, the baby smiled. （see和smile同时发生）
看到它的母亲，婴儿笑了。
Having studied English for 3 years, he can communicate with foreigners.（先study 然后才能communicate）
学了3年英语，现在他能与外国人交流了。
②表示原因
Not knowing anything about the accident, he went to work as usual.
(=Because he didn't know anything about the...)
Not having received any news from home for a long time, she is becoming more and more homesick.
(=As she hasn't received any news from home...)
③表示结果
It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country.
大雨滂沱,造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。
European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world.
80个国家都有足球这项运动，使它成为世界上最受欢迎的运动。
The snow lasted a week, leading to a serious traffic jam in the whole area.
雪持续了一个星期，导致了整个地区的严重交通堵塞。
④表示方式
He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋取生计。
⑤表示伴随
She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.（reading是伴随着sat进行的）
她坐在书桌前看报纸。
“Can't you read？”Mary said angrily pointing to the notice.（pointing是伴随着said进行的）
“你自己不会看吗？”玛丽指着那个告示牌并愤怒地说道。
I offered them something to eat, thinking they might be hungry.
我给了他们一些东西吃,心想着他们可能饿了。
6.名词作状语
We must get together again some day.
将来某天我们必能再相聚.
we should serve people heart and soul.
我们应该全心全意地服务
7、过去分词作状语
Faced with the situation, what are we supposed to do?
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