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1、回答1-11题The First Settlement in North America It is very difficult to say just when colonization began. The first hundred years after Christopher Columbus"s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce any settlement on the North America continent but rather some Spanish trading posts further south, a great interest in gold and adventure and some colorful crimes in which the English had their part. John Cabot, originally from Genoa but a citizen of Venice was established as a trader in Bristol, England, when he made a journey in 1497. But his ship, the Matthew, with its crew of eighteen, did no more than see an island(probably off the New England coast) and return home. He and his son made further voyages across the north Atlantic which enabled the English crown to claim a "legal" title to North America. But for a long time afterwards the Europeans" interest in America was mainly corffined to the Spanish activities further south. The first beginning of permanent settlement in North America were nearly a hundred years after Columbus"s first voyage. The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North America for England calling it Virginia. In 1585 he sent a small group of people who landed in Roanoke Island, but they stayed only for a year and then went back to England with another expedition led by Drake in 1587. A second group who landed in 1587 had all disappeared when a further expedition arrived in 1590. The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1607. English capitalists founded two Virginia companies, a southern one based in London and a northern one based in Bristol. It was decided to give the name New England to the northern area. The first settlers in Virginia were little more than wage slaves to the company. All were men and the experiment was not very successful. Many died. Those who survived lived in miserable conditions. By 1619 the colony had only a thousand people.
We know for sure that colonization began at the end of the 15th century. （ ）A．RightB．WrongC．Not mentioned
2、 Among the early settlers in South America in the 16th century were Spanish traders. （ ）A．RightB．WrongC．Not mentioned
3、 With John Cabot"s arrival at an island off the New England coast in 1497,the British Crown claimed to be the legal owner of North America. （ ）A．RightB．WrongC．Not mentioned
4、 There were eighteen people on board the Matthew during its voyage to North America in 1497. （ ）A．RightB．WrongC．Not mentioned
5、 The first attempt made by European people to settle down permanently in North America occurred in the 1580s. （ ）A．RightB．WrongC．Not mentioned
6、 The name Virginia was given to North America by Sir Waiter Raleigh. （ ）A．RightB．WrongC．Not mentioned
7、 Sir Walter Raleigh sent some people to Virginia for a year in 1585. （ ）A．RightB．WrongC．Not mentioned
8、 The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1607. （ ）A．RightB．WrongC．Not mentioned
9、 The name New England was given to the northern area of North America by the boss of one of the two Virginia companies. （ ）A．RightB．WrongC．Not mentioned
10、 The first settlers in Virginia were all slaves mixed with men andwomen. （ ）A．RihtB．WrongC．Not mentioned11、回答11-16题The Operation of International Airlines International airlines have rediscovered the business traveler, the man or woman who regularly jets from country to country as part of the job. This does not necessarily mean that airlines ever abandoned their business travelers. Instead companies like Lufthansa and Swissair would right argue that they have always catered best for the executive class passengers. But many airlines could be accused of concentrating too heavily in the recent past on attracting passengers by volume often at the expense of the regular traveler. Too often they have seemed geared for quantity rather than quality. Operating a major airline is essentially a matter of finding the right mix of passengers. The airlines need to fill up the back end of their wide-bodied jets with low fare passengers, without forgetting that the front end should be filled with people who pay substantially more for their tickets.It is no coincidence that the two major airline bankruptcies were among the companies specializing in cheap flights. But low fares require consistently full aircraft to make flights economically viable, and in the recent recession the volume of traffic has not grown. Equally the large number of airlines jostling for the available passengers has created a huge excess of capacity. The net result of excess capacity and cut-throat competition driving down fares had been to push some airlines into collapse and leave many others hovering on the brink. Against this grim background, it is no surprise that airlines are turning increasingly towards the business travelers to improve their rates of return. They have invested much time and effort to establish exactly what the executive demands for sitting apart from the tourists. High on the list of or iorities is ounctualitwan executive"s time is money. In-flight service is another area where the airlines are jostling for the executive"s attention. The free drinks and headsets and better food are all part of the lure. Another development has been the accent of seating arrangements. Regular travelers have become well versed in the debate about seat pitch--the amount of room between each passenger. And first class passengers are now offered sleeperette seats, which, for long journeys make it possible to snatch a proper night"s sleep. Sleeper-ettes have proved so popular that they will soon become universal in the front end of most aircraft. The airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground. Executive lounges are commonplace and intended to make the inevitable waiting between flights a little more bearable. Luggage handling is being improved. Regrettably, there is little the airlines can do to speed up the boring immigration and Customs process, which manages to upset and frustrate passengers of all classes in every continent. Although it is the airlines" intention to attract executive passengers from their rivals, the airlines themselves would nonetheless like to change one bad habit of this kind of traveler--the expensive habit of booking a flight and then failing to turn up. The practice is particularly widespread in Europe, where businessmen frequently book return journeys home one on several flights.
According to the passage in operating airlines it is essential to （ ） A．keep mind the need of the executives onlyB．satisfy the need of the low fare passengers at the expense of the executivesC．try to attract as many passengers as possible by reducing faresD．cater to the need of passengers sitting at both ends of the jets
12、 The following are all mentioned as reasons why the airlines are having a hard time EXCEPT that （ ）A．the tourist industry is experiencing an all-time lowB．there is no increase in the number of passengersC．there are more seats on the planes than neededD．the competition between airlines is strong
13、 The improvements the airlines attempt at include all the following EXCEPT （ ）A．making the seats more comfortableB．providing better food during flightsC．showing more movies during the long flightsD．offering sleep erettes to first-class passengers
14、 There is not much the airlines can do when it comes to （ ）A．making sure the departures are not delayedB．the efficient handing procedureC．speeding up customs procedureD．the improvement of the condition of waiting lounges
15、 Which of the following is a bad habit of the executive passengers that frustrates the airlines? （ ）A．They do not book their seats in advance.B．They do not sit on the seats they are supposed to take.C．They do not travel on the flight they have booked．D．They do not oar in advance for the seats they book.16、回答16-26题Intelligence: a Changed View __①__Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entitysome faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements．Its value therefore，was as a predictor of children’s future learnin9．If they differed markedly in their ability to 1earn complex tasks，then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of sch001 and even different ability groups within school was obvious．Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age；and atll these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education． __②__ Today，we are beginning to think differently．In the last few years，research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself． There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence．Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less welI in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates． __③__ There ate evidences that support the view that we have to distinguish between genetic intelligence and observed intelligence．Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrict development no matter how stimulating the environment．We cannot observe and measure innate intelligence，whereas we can observe and measure the effects of the interaction of whatever is inherited with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment．Researches have been investigating，vhat happens in this interaction． __④__ Two major findings have emerged from these researches．FirstlY，the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occursin the earliest years of life．It is estimated that 50 per cent of measure able intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of 4．Secondly．the most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent～child relationship．Much of the difference in measured intelligence between“privileged”and“disadvantaged”children may be due to the latter’s lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences． __⑤__ These research findings have led to a revision in our understanding of the nature of intelligence．Instead of it being some largely in herited fixed power of the mind，we now see it as a set of developed skills with which a person copes with any environment．These skills have to be learned and，indeed，one of them is learning how to learn．
Paragraph①______A．Main Results of Recent ResearchesB．Difference between Genetic and observed IntelligenceC．Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD．Intelligence and AchievementE．Impact on School EducationF．A Changed View of Intelligence
17、 Paragraph②______A．Main Results of Recent ResearchesB．Difference between Genetic and observed IntelligenceC．Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD．Intelligence and AchievementE．Impact on School EducationF．A Changed View of Intelligence
18、 Paragraph③______A．Main Results of Recent ResearchesB．Difference between Genetic and observed IntelligenceC．Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD．Intelligence and AchievementE．Impact on School EducationF．A Changed View of Intelligence
19、 Paragraph④______A．Main Results of Recent ResearchesB．Difference between Genetic and observed IntelligenceC．Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD．Intelligence and AchievementE．Impact on School EducationF．A Changed View of Intelligence
20、 Paragraph⑤______A．Main Results of Recent ResearchesB．Difference between Genetic and observed IntelligenceC．Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD．Intelligence and AchievementE．Impact on School EducationF．A Changed View of Intelligence
21、 It was once believed _______，and thus we can tell how successful he／she will be in the future according to his／her intelligence．A．born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB．have a better chance to develop his intelligenceC．can"t be observed and measuredD．that intelligence was something a baby was born withE．and because of the lack of communication with his classmatesF．and partly has to do with a child"s living environment
22、 More recent researches has shown that intelligence is only partly inherited __________．A．born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB．have a better chance to develop his intelligenceC．can"t be observed and measuredD．that intelligence was something a baby was born withE．and because of the lack of communication with his classmatesF．and partly has to do with a child"s living environment
23、 We can observe and measure observed intelligence，but genetic in Telligence________．A．born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB．have a better chance to develop his intelligenceC．can"t be observed and measuredD．that intelligence was something a baby was born withE．and because of the lack of communication with his classmatesF．and partly has to do with a child"s living environment
24、 It can be inferred from the passage that 8 child will_____if he has more opportunities to communicate with others by means of language．A．born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB．have a better chance to develop his intelligenceC．can"t be observed and measuredD．that intelligence was something a baby was born withE．and because of the lack of communication with his classmatesF．and partly has to do with a child"s living environment
25、 Children were not just_____，but they can be taught to be more intelligent at schoolA．born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB．have a better chance to develop his intelligenceC．can"t be observed and measuredD．that intelligence was something a baby was born withE．and because of the lack of communication with his classmatesF．and partly has to do with a child"s living environment26、回答26-31题Make a Good First Impression Have you ever been in a doctor"s waiting room and looked around at all the glum faces waiting impatiently to be seen? Dr. Stephen K. Sproul, a veterinarian in Raytown, Missouri, told of a typical spring day when his waiting room was full of clients waiting to have their pets inoculated.__26__He told one of our classes:"There were six or seven clients waiting when a young woman came in with a nine-month-old baby and a kitten.__27__ The next thing he knew, the baby just looked up at him with that great big smile that is so characteristic of babies. What did that gentleman do?__28__ Soon he struck up a conversation with the woman about her and his grand children and soon the entire reception room joined in, and the boredom and tension were converted into a pleasant and enjoyable experience. " The ancient Chinese were a wise lotwise in the ways of the world and they had a proverb that you and I ought to cut out and paste inside our hats. __29__ Your smile is a messenger of your goodwill. __30__ To someone who has seen a dozen people frown, scowl or turn their faces away your smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds. Especially when that someone is under pressure from his bosses, his customers, his teachers or parents or children, a smile can help him realize that all is not hopeless--that there is joy in the world.
请在第__26__处填上正确答案。A．It goes like this,"A man without a smiling face must not open a shop. "B．As luck would have it,she sat down next to a gentleman who was more than a little distraught about the long wait for service.C．Just what you and I would do,of course；he smiled back at the baby.D．No one was talking to anyone else, and all were probably thinking of a dozen other things they would rather be doing than"wasting time" sitting in that office.E．Your smile brightens the lives of all who see it.F．So naturally we are glad to see them.
27、 请在第__27__处填上正确答案。A．It goes like this,"A man without a smiling face must not open a shop. "B．As luck would have it,she sat down next to a gentleman who was more than a little distraught about the long wait for service.C．Just what you and I would do,of course；he smiled back at the baby.D．No one was talking to anyone else, and all were probably thinking of a dozen other things they would rather be doing than"wasting time" sitting in that office.E．Your smile brightens the lives of all who see it.F．So naturally we are glad to see them.
28、 请在第__28__处填上正确答案。A．It goes like this,"A man without a smiling face must not open a shop. "B．As luck would have it,she sat down next to a gentleman who was more than a little distraught about the long wait for service.C．Just what you and I would do,of course；he smiled back at the baby.D．No one was talking to anyone else, and all were probably thinking of a dozen other things they would rather be doing than"wasting time" sitting in that office.E．Your smile brightens the lives of all who see it.F．So naturally we are glad to see them.
29、 请在第__29__处填上正确答案。A．It goes like this,"A man without a smiling face must not open a shop. "B．As luck would have it,she sat down next to a gentleman who was more than a little distraught about the long wait for service.C．Just what you and I would do,of course；he smiled back at the baby.D．No one was talking to anyone else, and all were probably thinking of a dozen other things they would rather be doing than"wasting time" sitting in that office.E．Your smile brightens the lives of all who see it.F．So naturally we are glad to see them.
30、 请在第__30__处填上正确答案。A．It goes like this,"A man without a smiling face must not open a shop. "B．As luck would have it,she sat down next to a gentleman who was more than a little distraught about the long wait for service.C．Just what you and I would do,of course；he smiled back at the baby.D．No one was talking to anyone else, and all were probably thinking of a dozen other things they would rather be doing than"wasting time" sitting in that office.E．Your smile brightens the lives of all who see it.F．So naturally we are glad to see them.
31、回答31-41题
PromiseLast year my 9-year-old daughter was severely dehydrated from running a 1.5 miles at school in 100 of weather. We took her to the emergency room and our nightmare started there. They began __31__ her for leukemia. We went so many nights missing sleep, crying, worrying how we would __32__ this. I found my outlet was running. And I made a promise to myself and my daughter that I would __33__ a marathon for her if she"d just be strong very soon. So when we got the clean bill of health seven months later, I found myself running every day thinking of her and how strong she is. I __34__ myself in my first ever half marathon and never did I have doubts if I could do it. I trained from September to April and set a __35__ of 3 hours to finish the half marathon. And I did it in 2.49 hours. You may have doubt in yourself as I had in myself. The most __36__ thing I did for myself was keep telling myself that I am doing this halfmarathon because I can. I can do it because my sick daughter became healthy again. She showed me strength and ! knew I had to keep my __37__ to show her how strong I am and to accomplish things that you think you can"t! The half marathon was amazing. At mile ten when my hip was hurting badly, my daughter was on the side line. I ran over to her and gave her the biggest __38__ I"ve ever given her and I took off running. I started crying becauserembered why I started running in the first place and I got so inspired to make her __39__ at the finish line. So now I have to accomplish a full marathon to to really hold __40__ to my promise... I"m aiming for February 2013 ! And I can"t wait!请在第__31__处填上正确答案。A．goalB．hugC．enteredD．runE．promiseF．trueG．proudH．restI．get throughJ．encouragingK．testingL．preparing32、 请在第__32__处填上正确答案。A．goalB．hugC．enteredD．runE．promiseF．trueG．proudH．restI．get throughJ．encouragingK．testingL．preparing33、 请在第__33__处填上正确答案。A．goalB．hugC．enteredD．runE．promiseF．trueG．proudH．restI．get throughJ．encouragingK．testingL．preparing34、 请在第__34__处填上正确答案。A．goalB．hugC．enteredD．runE．promiseF．trueG．proudH．restI．get throughJ．encouragingK．testingL．preparing35、 请在第__35__处填上正确答案。A．goalB．hugC．enteredD．runE．promiseF．trueG．proudH．restI．get throughJ．encouragingK．testingL．preparing36、 请在第__36__处填上正确答案。A．goalB．hugC．enteredD．runE．promiseF．trueG．proudH．restI．get throughJ．encouragingK．testingL．preparing37、 请在第__37__处填上正确答案。A．goalB．hugC．enteredD．runE．promiseF．trueG．proudH．restI．get throughJ．encouragingK．testingL．preparing38、 请在第__38__处填上正确答案。A．goalB．hugC．enteredD．runE．promiseF．trueG．proudH．restI．get throughJ．encouragingK．testingL．preparing39、 请在第__39__处填上正确答案。A．goalB．hugC．enteredD．runE．promiseF．trueG．proudH．restI．get throughJ．encouragingK．testingL．preparing40、 请在第__40__处填上正确答案。A．goalB．hugC．enteredD．runE．promiseF．trueG．proudH．restI．get throughJ．encouragingK．testingL．preparing
第六部分：完形补文(第41-50题。每题1.5分。共15分)下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词。请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中。以恢复文章原貌。41、回答{TSE}题The Family The structure of a family takes different forms around the world and even in the same society. The family"s form changes as it adapts to __41__ (change) social and economic influences. Until recently, the most common form in North America was the nuclear ramie, __42__(consist) of a married couple with their minor children. The nuclear family is an __43__ (depend) unit. It must be prepared to fend for itself. Individuaily members __44__ (strong) depend on one another. There is little help from outside family in emergencies. Elderly __45__ (relative) of a nuclear family are cared for only if it is possible for the family to do so. In North America the __46__ (elder)often do not live with the family they live in __47__ (retire）communities and nursing homes. There are many parallels between the nuclear family in __48__(industry) societies, such as North America, and of families in socie ties such as that of the Inuits, who live in harsh environments. The nuclear family structure is well __49__ (adapt) to a life of mobility. In harsh conditions, mobility allows the family to hunt for food. For North Americans,the hunt for jobs and __50__(improve) social status also re uires mobilit．
请在第__41__处填上正确答案。42、 请在第__42__处填上正确答案。
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第七部分：短文写作(第51题。30分)51、请根据下列材料写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Recently,a tew people in China have been confirmed to be infected with the H7N9 bird flu virus. The health authority has taken some measures to control the situation. Can you give some sugges tions to keep yourself from being infected?
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